Sloveso BE pro srovnání v přítomném a minulém prostém čase

Milí studenti, porovnejte tvary slovesa BÝT v přítomnosti i minulosti a poté si poznatky procvičte v následujícím cvičení. Pro lepší přehled lze text také vytisknout z přílohy.

Přítomný čas prostý = PRESENT SIMPLE tense

Minulý čas prostý = PAST SIMPLE tense

Oznamovací způsob

present simple

I am / ‘m

You Are / ‘re

He, she, it is / ‘s

We are / ’re

You are / ’re

They are / ‘re

past simple

I was

You were

He, she, it was

We were

You were

They were

Stažená forma (contracted / short form)

užití v hovorové angličtině, tedy ne ve formálních textech, dopisech

Příklady:

He (Mike, my father,…) is happy, because it’s his birthday today.

We were happy yesterday, because it was sunny.

Otázka

nelze použít zkrácenou formu

sloveso BE se předsouvá před podmět

present simple

am I

are you

Is he, she, it

are we

are you

are they

past simple

was I

were you

was he, she, it

were we

were you

were they

příklady:

Are they (children, my parents,…) tired?

Was she (Marry, your friend,…) at home yesterday?

Zápor

Tvoří se pomocí záporky NOT

Lze použít i zkrácenou formu

Present simple

I am not, I’m not

You are not, you aren’t

He, she, it is not, isn’t

We are not, we aren’t

You are not, you aren’t

They are not, they aren’t

Past simple

I was not, I wasn’t

You were not, you weren’t

He, she, it was not, wasn’t

We were not, we weren’t

You were not, you weren’t

They were not, they weren’t

Příklady

He (the boy, my cousin,…) isn’t clever.

We were not on holiday last year.

Otázka a odpověď typu ‘ano, ne’ (‘yes,no’ question and answer)

Sloveso v krátké negativní odpovědi má zkrácenou formu.

Příklady:

Is she hungry? – Yes, she is. No, she isn’t

Were you at school last week? – Yes I was. No I wasn’t.

Doplňte věty slovesem BE ve správném tvaru:

1. Were you tired yesterday?  - No, I …………

2. Is your grandmother satisfied with her present? – Yes, she ………….

3. Where was your father yesterday? – He ………. at work.

4. ………… they at home this morning? – No, they ...........

5. ………… you sure about your answer now?  - No, I …………

6. We …………. late yesterday. Our teacher was angry.